Golden Rice is created through the insertion of genes responsible for beta-carotene biosynthesis into the rice genome. Specifically, genes from the daffodil (Narcissus pseudonarcissus) and a common soil bacterium (Erwinia uredovora) are used. These genes encode enzymes that convert geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), a naturally occurring substance in rice, into beta-carotene.
