The process of gene cloning typically involves several key steps: 1. Isolation of the DNA: The DNA containing the gene of interest is extracted from the organism. 2. Cutting and Joining DNA: Specific restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA at precise locations. The gene of interest is then inserted into a vector, such as a plasmid, which acts as a carrier. 3. Transformation: The recombinant DNA is introduced into a host cell (usually bacteria), a process known as transformation. 4. Selection and Screening: Cells that have taken up the recombinant DNA are identified and isolated for further study.
